disadvantages of vetiver grass disadvantages of vetiver grass

List of various diseases cured by Vetiver Grass. Workshop on Potential Application of the VS in the Arabian Gulf Region, Kuwait City, March 2006. Moreover, by holding silt and moisture on the slopes, vetiver may offer practical catchment conservation for reservoirs and other hydrological projects. Switch between the Original Pages, where you can read the report as it appeared in print, and Text Pages for the web version, where you can highlight and search the text. (D.E.K. It even managed to punch through asphaltic concrete Erosion and sediment control Tissue culture, using a small part of the plant to propagate on a large scale. The failures were due entirely to poor application. Show this book's table of contents, where you can jump to any chapter by name. Self-interest should drive them. barriers from scouring and erosion by high velocity flows. vetiver, ruzie grass, elephant grass and lemon grass. Faster establishment and growth after planting. Clonal propagation of vetiver in vitro. New roots are developed from nodes when buried by trapped sediment. Zhejiang and Hubei provinces have also testing the effectiveness of VGT on several To demonstrate the effectiveness of VGT, a trial was conducted to This result was all the more remarkable because the hedge was young and less than 15 cm thick. In practical terms, such farms can be plowed only vertically. Tissue culture of vetiver grass. characteristics in situations where a pioneer plant is needed to provide the initial (This includes sands, shales, gravels, and even aluminum-rich soils that are deadly to most plants.). The plant can withstand a lot of water. This is partly due to the low costs of bio-engineering techniques, later. However, its place in the mix of methods will be determined over the coming years by the experiences under the harsh realities of field practice. The crown (corm) is the base of a mature vetiver plant from which new shoots sprout. Flat site is acceptable, but watering must be monitored to avoid water-logging, that will stunt the growth of young plantlets. Dalton, P A, Smith, R J and Truong, P N V (1996). Vetiver However it must be emphasised that to provide an effective support for This is partly due to the low costs of Vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides), often known as khus, is a Poaceae perennial grass whose roots yield an oil used in perfumes. Agric. Forestry, agroforestry, and living fences. municipality ( Xu, pers.com.). It is used to treat acne and sores because of its antibacterial characteristics. It is important to understand that flora and fauna in an area have co-evolved and that plants and animals become interdependent. The mature hedge will form a living porous barrier which slows and spreads runoff Workshop, Darwin, Australia. Mature vetiver, however, thrives under waterlogged conditions. Vetiver will To reduce cost, they can also be improves with time as the vegetative cover matures. very few species can be established due to the hostile environment. This indicates that an Integrated Pest Management scheme will be put into Promoting root development on new shoots. Vetiver grass is an "ecological-climax" species[10] with a deep dense spongy root system that binds soils together. Photo 7: Bare root slips and tube stock (left), putting plants into polybags (middle )and polybagged plants ready for planting (right). The main advantages of the strips are the vetiver plants were established close together Lower irrigation frequency after planting. intensive watering during establishment phase. botanical classification but it acts more like a tree than a typical grass with its Native animals are dependent on native plants for food and shelter. and forming a very effective filter (Truong et al, 1995). https://mailchi.mp/491cd60a6eec/the-garden-nerdSubscribe Here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCwwQz1-MwnsCvFcreSpBuCg?view_as=subscriberFollow Us On Instagram Here: https://www.instagram.com/the_garden_nerd/?hl=en Therefore vetiver produces best growth Vast amounts of topsoil are washed or blown away from arable land only to accumulate in rivers, reservoirs, harbors, and estuaries, thereby creating a double disaster: a vital resource disappears from where it is desperately needed and is deposited where it is equally unwanted. All of these procedures have merit, and most of them are better known at present than the vetiver system. Scientists prefer to work with data that, for instance, involve controls, duplications, and measurements calculated for their statistical reliability. In stabilise the lose surface first so other species can colonise the areas between hedges Vetiver is used to treat nerve and circulation issues, as well as stomach pain. agricultural lands, vetiver grass unique morphological, physiological and ecological Vetiver may fail to form functional hedges on sites with only moderate temperatures and sunlight. Today, many countries use vetiver grass for soil conservation, stabiliz-ing unstable river slopes, managing watersheds, repairing dams, mines, contaminated lands, salt marshes [24], and treating unconventional water [25]. P. Blaikie, 1985, The Political Economy of Soil Erosion in Developing Countries, Longman, Harlow, UK. = the Froude number of flow. As any new (Dalton et al, 1996) (Fig.1). Instead of using individual bags, bare root slips or culm slips are planted closely in specially-lined long furrows that will facilitate transportation and planting. Indeed, perhaps the most important feature of the vetiver method is its compatibility with all the other techniques. water to stable drainage outlets. Farmers and herders are regarded as part of the problem to be solved. The plant is used in dryland restoration to reduce soil erosiveness and is sometimes planted as a hedge. Vetiver, a little-known tropical grass, offers one practical and inexpensive way to control erosion on a huge scale in both humid and semi-arid regions. (At least one forester who worked with the Fiji Pine Commission has complained of big hedges of "missionary grass" that were "a pain to crawl through.") deep roots prevent it from being washed away while its thick top growth reduces flow For example, rents may be too high, fertilizers unavailable, or crop prices too lowall of which. For example, as all vetiver research conducted in Australia have been based on Monto This book is a modification of the extension worker's handbook, first published (1987) in India as "Vetiver Grass: A Method of Vegetative Soil and Moisture Conservation" by the out these hedges can act as very effective diversion structures spreading and diverting A fourth is that there is probably a steepness limitnot to vetiver itself but to the system for growing crops behind the grass hedges. genotype is identified, all our R, D and A (Application) can be shared around the world. 3.1.1 Tensile strength and shear strength of vetiver roots. to 150m in vertical height in areas where annual rainfall exceeds 3 000mm. VGT was also selected as the first Beyond the advantages of the plant itself, the system of using vetiver is so easy to understand that people almost instantly grasp how to use it to their own advantage. the world for soil and water conservation purposes because of its unique and desirable 1996). (1997). To prepare rooting hormone from Water Hyacinth: Photo 5: Spraying cuttings with 10% water hyacinth solution (left) and cover cuttings completely with plastic bags, and leave them for 24 hours (right). The root is used to make medicine. that of rock wall and Xia et al, (1999) showed that in southern China, VGTs In this regard, VGT has done the job it was designed to do and no longer needed when the Report on the potential weed problem of vetiver grass Proc. Piers Blaikie,* for instance, claims that governments can create the right policy environment for attacking the causes of soil erosion by stimulating such actions as: Research (notably on specific techniques); Legislation (for example, banning very damaging practices); Supporting extension and facilitating credit (and tying both to the positive encouragement of soil-conserving crops); Rural development (for instance, strengthening local institutions); Improving administrative structures (so that bureaucratic decisions are based less on fiat and more on experience); Land tenure reform (so that farmers have a vested interest in erosion control); Adjusting prices for farm products and inputs (especially eliminating those that subsidize unsound practices); and. A third is that vetiver (at least in many places) does need some care during the period immediately after planting. All rights reserved. engineering structures, the two most important points are good quality of the planting A hedge like this across a slope slows the runoff so that its erosive force is dissipated. For the last three years, VGT has been used as a major component of a Fort Polk, Louisiana. Rehabilitation trials conducted by De Beers on both tailing dumps and slimes dams, at This is especially true in marginal lands where a little fertilizer or a little water may be needed to help the young plants through their establishment phase. All in all, therefore, vetiver is a solution that should be acceptable to most users. diameter between 0.2-2.2mm. doubling the supply in the year 2 000 ( Stoll, 1998). Given what we know today, vetiver seems a potential breakthrough, but such a radical concept raises uncertainties as well. Sumanochitrapan S., and Topangteam S. (1996). lands caused by civil construction. Therapeutic Research Faculty 2020. Vetiver Grass Technology for mine tailings rehabilitation. ester compounds through thermal or hydrolytic effects are the principal disadvantages of this extraction method [8]. This originated primarily with the use of sweet scented vetiver roots for . Recent results of the Vetiver Identification Program, Ushira - Vetiver is a coolant, but yet aids in digestion. International vetiver These are suitable for machine planting and they also need negative effect of VGT on steep slopes, as an extra protection, vetiver hedges could be Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. planted on a gradient of about 0.5% as in graded contour terraces to divert the extra It has outstanding promise as a "safety line" to anchor broad strips of other grasses, such as napier grass. Description. raised on site to reduce costs. erosion increases from two to 40 000 times the pre construction rates (Goldman et al, Vetiver grass through out Zimbabwe - Protection of rural roads. Bare roots plantlets are 4-5 weeks old plantlets which were raised in sand beds and Vetiver planted at 2m VI provided shades Nickel, Copper, Mercury, Lead, Selenium and Zinc (Truong and Baker, 1998, Truong, 1999). Proc. q = discharge per unit width y = depth of flow y1 = depth was completely protected from flood damage. Some women take vetiver to start their periods or to cause an . rather than the grass itself or the technology recommended. Murashige T., and Skoog F. (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assays with tobacco tissue cultures. Vetiver Propagation: Nurseries and Large Scale Propagation. Poor land management can result from ignorance ormore oftenfrom economic, social, or political pressures. A sixth is that on very shallow soils, where no plant could anchor its roots deeply, rushing runoff might undermine the vetivers and wash them away. Click here to buy this book in print or download it as a free PDF, if available. Hedges of this deeply rooted species catch and hold back sediments while the stiff foliage acts as a filter that also slows runoff and keeps moisture on site. Recommended for harsh and hostile conditions. 1997. stronger than that of many hardwood species which have been proven positive for root Goldman, S J, Jackson, K and Bursztynsky, T A (1986). its effectiveness in erosion control in Fiji. appreciably. Vetiver is a C4 plant and likes plenty of sun. Recommended by the World Bank, the Philippines Department of Public Charanasri U., Sumanochitrapan S., and Topangteam S. (1996). candidate for slope stabilisation than other plants. The Vetiver Grass Technology (VGT) was first developed for soil and The use of vegetation as a bio-engineering Proc. Vetiver grass is a tall tufted bunchgrass that can grow to be 1.5 meters (5 feet) tall. population. depletion would be greater therefore further improve the slope stabilisation process In Australia, four Div. soil movement, resulting in very little erosion in fallow strips and a young sorghum crop tests showed that vetiver hedges were successful in reducing flood velocity and limiting 30th Ann. stabilisation. Nevertheless, much about vetiver can still be judged fairly, based on miscellaneous experience, observation, and even anecdote. Hedges of this deeply rooted species catch and hold back sediments while the stiff foliage acts as a filter that also slows runoff and keeps moisture on site. associated with the construction of the massive Three Gorge Dam in the Chongqing (Hengchaovanich, 1998). Vetiver grass: Nursery development, field planting techniques, and hedge management. First Int. A fifth is that strips of vetiver across the land may sometimes be a nuisance. Can remain on site for longer before being planted. so far have been varied, it was excellent at some part but very disappointing at others. Photo 9: In the south, left: Can Tho University; right: An Giang province. water conservation in farm lands. cropped flood plain of the Darling Downs. You're looking at OpenBook, NAP.edu's online reading room since 1999. In addition to its unique morphological characteristics, vetiver is also Traditionally rock wall and minimal. Hengchaovanich, D. (1999). In the last locust plague in southern and central Madagascar in Resources, Brisbane, Australia. the sections planted with the Lomandra and native vetiver collapsed while the Monto International vetiver Workshop, Fuzhou, China, October As mentioned earlier, vetiver grass has to be established vegetatively Farmers, seeing few short-term benefits, lack motivation. adverse soil conditions when the adverse effects are removed. Landfill sites and industrial wastes are usually contaminated with heavy metals such as 4.2.1 Advantages and disadvantages of polybags and planting strips. How cool would a Vetiver hedge be?? Southern Queensland, Australia for flood mitigation on the flood plain of Queensland. Further, it is important also to place this in context. 3.3 Erosion Control and Sediment Trapping. The prime cause of erosion, according to this line of thinking, is societal. Sukkasem A. and Chinnapan W. (1996). Vetiver has also been used to rehabilitate salt affected lands due to both soil and water conservation in agricultural lands for more than 50 years, its real impact Vetiver root fiber is also used in building materials. When at least three new tillers (shoots) appear, the plantlets are ready to be planted. If youre breastfeeding, its also better to avoid vetiver. The tensile strength of vetiver roots varies between 40-180 Mpa for the range of root An assessment of strength properties of Namwongprom K., and Nanakorn M. (1992). Appropriately laid this effect has to be balanced against a higher rate of soil water depletion due to the High level of tolerance to soil salinity, sodicity and acid sulfate (Truong and Baker, Decision-and policy-makers are even less concerned; few of them ever get excited about soil loss. Tube stock have the best establishment rate and requires less watering during establishment phase and suitable for large projects. Office of the Royal Development Projects Board, Bangkok, bio-engineering technique for revegetation and slope stabilisation of highways and rivers On steep slopes (30-60 Khus syrup is a popular cold drink in South Asia throughout the summer. application in Kwa Zulu province in the stabilisation of both cut and fill batters, roads, Based on the above, it is clear that the advantages of using the VGT as an Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia. (1999). In addition, few farmers are aware of just how much soil they are losing and may have no interest in any erosion-control process. Vetiver is able to Vetiver Grass System for Environmental Protection. Replacement of contour banks in steep sugarcane lands on the wet tropical coast.. Stabilisation of gully erosion in both cropping and grazing lands. Tube stocks are tubed or potted plants (4-5 week old) which can be kept in nursery and Mechanical planter: A modified seedling planter or mechanical transplanter can plant large numbers of vetiver slips in the nursery. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. bio-engineering technology for the prevention of highway slippage in souther China. Vetiver grass has the potential to become as invasive as these two grasses. Most vetiver genotypes flower but do not produce seeds. True, these observations are not easy to compare or judge in detail, but they add up to a body of experience from which conclusions and generalizations can be drawn. Promoting growth in shade house or glasshouse. Strain the solution and maintain in a cool place until use. Conf. It was Availability of farm machinery: Basic farm machinery is needed to prepare nursery beds, control weeds, cut grass, and harvest vetiver. sediment is not removed (Truong et al,1997). drought. Vetiver grass is a great source of nutrition for farm animals. Radloff, B., Walsh, K., Melzer, A. Crown (corm), the hard part of the plant between the shoots and the roots. This in sharp contrast to the control site which remained bare and erodible. tropical Queensland. It is with this background in mind that we have assessed the experiences with vetiver worldwide and drawn the following conclusions: vetiver works, it is unique, and the method brings new advantages. materials, planting methods, maintenance program and particularly the layout have not been 6 months) Labour intensive to plant, maintain until established and to obtain planting material (future work is expected to overcome these problems). Apparently, the vetiver system also provides even more benefits, the most important being the fact that the stout lines of vertical thatch hold back moisture long enough to give it a chance to soak in. This is particularly important in urban and semi rural areas where the visual degradation effective in reducing leachate from an old landfill near Brisbane (Truong and Baker, others. The slopes are therefore rendered more suitable for the production of crops or trees. This increase in soil moisture could be acerbated when the vetiver was The Conservation and Rehabilitation of African Lands: An International Scheme. Another less well known out, the vetiver hedgerow planted for erosion control was not eaten, even its young plain where actual soil pH is around 3.5 and oxidised pH is as low as 2.8 (Truong and An overview on the applications of the vetiver grass system in Water Bio-engineering, Manila April 1999), KEY WORD: Vetiver grass, erosion and sediment control, runoff, land Vetiver is not a panacea; it cannot solve all the problems. Failure to do suitably designed. native vegetation took over. At this site, it is normal to plant sugarcane right up to the vetiver hedges. to all highway departments within the province to adopt VGT as the main method of highway For developing nations, soil erosion is among the most chronic environmental and economic burdens. material and the all-important appropriate design and correct planting techniques.. Dr. Paul Truong, Principal Soil Conservationist, Leader Bio-Engineering Part 182 -- Substances Generally Recognized As Safe. Moreover, putting in vetiver hedges has several other benefits: It does not require that each site be individually designed. Photo 10: In the centre south, in Quang Ngai (left) and Binh Phuoc (right). can force farmers to overexploit their land in their attempts to grow more. It does not require careful layouts or high-quality control. lands. Technical Bulletin N0. Napier grass is one of the important perennial tropical forage crop belong to family Poaceae. And incorporating vetiver hedges into forestry and agroforestry in the tropics seems to be one of the most promising of all its future uses. batter stabilisation, erosion, sediment and runoff control program for Queensland Rail. Truong, P N. (1997). structural strength needed in a relatively short period of time. presented above, it is clear that we now have enough evidence that VGT is a very effective Truong, P. (2006). A handful of fresh Vetiver roots is placed in the clay pot (Matka) in the summer to keep the household drinking water cool and aromatic. So many examples of vetiver's success can be seen around the world that they amount to a vast system of field trials, encompassing more than 50 nations and, often, many decades of observation. on Agric., 29 Jan-1 Feb 1992 (in Thailand). Proc. Nevertheless, vetiver is not a panacea; uncertainties do exist; and there are, of course, other erosion-control techniques. Increased maintenance cost following delivery, if not planted within a week. (1995). completely protected from flood damage (Dalton et al, 1996). Australia, Truong, P, Baker, D E, and Christiansen, I (1995). The grass grows tall and forms large clumps like bamboo. the Queensland Main Roads Department to stabilise table drain and culvert inlets/outlets, two to three metres in the first year. 8.0 PLANTING MATERIALS AND THEIR SUITABILITY. Share a link to this book page on your preferred social network or via email. Put plants into 20 litre plastic bag, and tie it closed. ?Want garden tips so you can grow your own food in your backyard? Shading: Open space is recommended, since shading affects vetiver growth. Network. vetiver roots have been found to have average design tensile strength equivalent to The stench created by the growth of algae and microbes in such coolers is also countered by vetiver root cushioning. North Region Symposium. trials are also being conducted on the Blackwater-Gregory line. 1995) and highly acidic (pH 3.5) tailings of a gold mine. application in engineering designs. L Vn B, V Thanh Tn, Nguyn Th T Uyn.(2006). Each slip normally consists of 2-3 tillers. This indicates that vetiver roots are as strong as, or even There are two V.zizanioides genotypes being used in south Asia Office of the Royal Vetiver for highway stabilisation in Jian Yang County: Demonstration The key is to plant the grass as a hedge along the contour, preferably set out with the aid of a simple "A" frame, with a space of 10cms between the grass slips. The thatch can then be placed behind the newly planted slips to provide an . Regional Vetiver conference, Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam. To add to the confusion, VGT exploits its different Le Van Be of Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam has developed a very practical and simple method to multiply buds (L Van B et al, 2006). Training of operational staff: Well trained staff is essential to a nurserys success. Thirdly, VGTs maintenance costs are low in the long term. research showed that of the 79 species of insect found on the vetiver rows, only four Brown D. Encyclopedia of herbs and their uses. Truong, P.N. In country after country, more and more hill slopes and other marginal lands are being brought into cultivation in response to increasing population, decreasing food supplies, and other social and economic pressures. It is not known how vetiver might work as a medicine. Vetiver grass can be eliminated easily either by spraying with technique and recently a bio-engineering tool, the application of VGT requires the